IOWC Research Director: Angela Schottenhammer

Dr. Schottenhammer is a Professor of Chinese History in the Department of East Asian Languages and Cultures at Ghent University, Belgium, and is an unscheduled professor of Chinese Studies in the Department for Asian Studies at Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany.

From 2006 to 2008, Dr. Schottenhammer was a Professor of Chinese Studies at Marburg University, Germany, where she became head of the Sinology Department. She then moved to Mexico in 2009 to become a Full Professor of Pre-modern Chinese History at El Colegio de México. Dr. Schottenhammer also acted as the Project Supervisor for "The East Asian Mediterranean c. 1500-1850," an international research project sponsored by the VW-Foundation from May 2002 to June 2009.

For her Wudai and Song history website, see www.schottenhammer.net. Dr. Schottenhammer researches the ancient and contemporary history of China with a main focus on politico-economic and socio-cultural history; the history of China's foreign relations, particularly maritime exchange relations; tomb inscriptions; and aspects of the history of science and technology. Her periods of focus include the late Tang, Wudai and Song periods; the late Ming and Qing dynasties; and contemporary China.

Dr. Schottenhammer is also establishing an internationally operating "Research Centre on Exchange Relations in the East Asian World." The geographical focus of the research conducted at this Centre is the East China Sea bordered by the three countries China, Japan and Korea, but also beyond - reaching out to Southeast Asia as well as to Central Asia and Russia, notably encompassing the regions along the former "Silk Road." This project is aimed at exploring both continental and maritime "silk routes" in the macro region of East Asia in their historical dimensions, focusing on the interconnectedness of the various regions along these two "silk routes" and investigating a wide range of sources from archaeological findings to texts, documents
and pictorial material to linguistic evidence.

2011 Co-editor (with Peter Feldbauer), Globalgeschichte 1000-1250. Wien, Essen: Mandelbaum Verlag.

2011 Editor, Taiwan – A Bridge Between the East and the South China Sea, East Asian Maritime History series, vol. 11. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz.

2010 Editor, Trading Networks in Early Modern East Asia. East Asian Maritime History series, vol. 9. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, 220 pp.

2009 Co-editor (with Bert G. Fragner, Ralph Kauz and Roderich Ptak), Pferde in Asien: Geschichte, Handel und Kultur / Horses in Asia: History, Trade and Culture. Wien: Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 301 pp.

2008 Editor, The East Asian Mediterranean Maritime Crossroads of Culture, Commerce and Human Migration. East Asian Maritime History series, vol. 6. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, 399 pp.

2007 Editor, The East Asian Maritime World, 1400-1800: Its Fabrics of Power and Dynamics of Exchanges. East Asian Maritime History series, vol. 4. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, 283 pp.

2006 Editor, Chinas Eintritt in die Weltpolitik. Außenpolitisches Handeln am Beispiel Europas und Koreas (China’s Entry into World Policy. Foreign Policy Behaviour in Relation to Europe and Korea). Hamburg: IFA.

2006 Co-editor (with Roderich Ptak), The Perception of Maritime Space in Traditional Chinese Sources. East Asian Maritime History series, vol. 2. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, 180 pp.

2005 Editor, Trade and Transfer across the East Asian Mediterranean. East Asian Maritime History series, vol. 1. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, 344 pp.

2003 Editor, Auf den Spuren des Jenseits - Chinesische Grabkultur in den Facetten von Wirklichkeit, Geschichte und Totenkult (On the trails of the netherworld - Chinese burials in the facets of reality, history and cult of the dead). Frankfurt, Wien, Bern: Peter Lang, 234 pp.

2002 Das songzeitliche Quanzhou im Spannungsfeld zwischen Zentralregierung und maritimem Handel. Unerwartete Konsequenzen des zentralstaatlichen Zugriffs auf den Reichtum einer Küstenregion (Song Time Quanzhouin a Conflict Situation Between Central Government and Maritime Trade: Unexpected Consequences of the Central Government's Grasp at the Wealth of a Coastal Region). Münchener Ostasiatische Studien 80. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag, 428 pp. (Habilitation thesis)

2001 Editor, The Emporium of the World: Maritime Quanzhou, 1000-1400. Sinica Leidensia series, vol. 49. Leiden, Boston, Köln: E.J. Brill, 449 pp.

1995 Grabinschriften in der Song-Dynastie (Epitaphs in Song China). Inaugural-Dissertation zur Erlangung der Doktorwürde (PhD dissertation; eingereicht im August 1993). Heidelberg: edition forum 1995. Würzburger Sinologische Schriften, 214 pp.

1993 Zufußgehen und Zubodenfallen. Gespräche mit Liao Mosha über den Beginn der Kulturrevolution (Talks with Liao Mosha on the Cultural Revolution). Heidelberg: edition forum 1993. Würzburger Sinologische Schriften, 79 pp.

Forthcoming "The Emergence of China as a Maritime Power." In Cambridge History of China vol. 5, edited by John W. Chaffee and Denis Twitchett.

Forthcoming "Migrations in Medieval China." In The Encyclopaedia of Global Human Migration.

Forthcoming "The East Asian 'Mediterranean' – A Medium of Flourishing Exchange Relations and Interaction in the East Asian World." In Proceedings of the International Symposium on "Thalassography and Historiography.", edited by Peter Miller. Bard Graduate Center, NYC (20 October 2009).

Forthcoming "Empire and Periphery? The Qing Empire’s Relations with Japan and the Ryuyks (1644-c. 1800): A Comparison." Mediaeval History Journal.

2011 "Huihui Medicine and Medicinal Drugs in Yuan China." In Proceedings of the International Workshop "Eurasian Influences on Yuan China: Cross-cultural transmissions in the 13th and 14th centuries." Binghamton University (20-21 November 2009). Binghamton, NY.

2011 Angela Schottenhammer, "Westasiatisch-muslimische (Huihui 回回) Medizin und Ärzte im yuanzeitlichen China (13./14. Jahrhundert.)" ("West-Asiatic Muslim Medicine and Physicians in Yuan China (13th-14th Centuries"). In Transkulturelle Verflechtungen im mittelalterlichen Jahtausend: Europa, Ostasien und Afrika (Trans-cultural Network in the Middle Period Millenium. Europe, Africa and Asia), edited by Michael Borgolte and Matthias M. Tischler, 34-54. Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft.

2011 "Appendix to Angela Schottenhammer's 'Brokers and "Guild" (huiguan 會館) Organizations in China's Maritime Trade with her Eastern Neighbours during the Ming and Qing Dynasties." Crossroads 3, 35 pp.

2011 “帝国与边缘：1644年至19世纪清朝与日本及琉球关系比较研究" ("Empire and Periphery: The Qing Empire's Relation with Japan and the Ryuyks (1644-1800): A Comparison"). Haiyangshi yanjiu 海洋史研究 - Studies of Maritime History 2: 226-245.

2010 "Brokers and 'Guild' (huiguan 會館) Organizations in China's Maritime Trade with her Eastern Neighbours during the Ming and Qing Dynasties." In 明清時期江南市場經濟的空間、制度與網絡 (The Market Economy of the Lower Yangzi Delta in Late Imperial China: Space, Institutions and Networks), edited by Billy So Kee Long et al., 30 pp. Hong Kong, Taipei: Chinese University of Hong Kong, Academia Sinica.

2010 "The Liao 遼 Period (907-1127) Xuanhua 宣化-Tomb Complex (11th/12th centuries): an example of cultural and religious diversity and assimilation." In Festschrift für Christoph Elsas, edited by Adelheid Hermann–Pfandt, 8 pp. and 12 ill. Marburg.

2010 "Characteristics of Qing China's Maritime Trade Politics, Shunzhi through Early Qianlong Reigns." In Trading Networks in Early Modern East Asia., edited by Angela Schottenhammer, 101-154. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz.

2010 "The transfer of Xiangyao 香藥 from Iran and Arabia to China - A Reinvestigation of Entries in the Youyang zazu 酉陽雜俎 (863)." In Interaction on the Maritime Silk Road: From the Persian Gulf to the East China Sea, edited by Ralph Kauz, 121–153. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz.

2010 Annotation of the Ryukyu-chapters in Fernão Mendes Pinto in Fernão Mendes Pinto and the Peregrinação. Studies, Restored Portuguese Text, Notes and Indexes, edited by Jorge Santos Alves, 138-143 and 180-186. Lisbon: Fondação Oriente.

2010 "Corredores y 'gremios' (huiguan 會館) en el comercio marítimo chino con sus vecinos del este durante las dinastías Ming y Qing." Estudios de Asia y África 143.3: 567–630.

2009 "Chūgoku keizaishi no kenkyū ni okeru kahei to kahei seisaku: futatsu no jiri to sore ni kansuru kenkai 中国経済史の研究における貨幣と貨幣政策: 二つの事例とそれに関する見解 ("Money and monetary policy in the study of Chinese economic history: Two examples and some related observations")." In 『宋銭の世界』 (The World of Song Money), edited by Ihara Hiroshi, 219-250. Tōkyō: Bensei shuppansha.

2009 "Vom mongolischen Teilreich zum neuen Reich der Mitte." In Die Welt, 1250 bis 1500 (The World 1250 to 1500), edited by Thomas Ertl, 355–382. Essen: Magnusverlag.

2009 "Ostasiatische Wirtschaft" ("East Asian Economy"), "Globale Interaktion" ("Global Interaction") and "Chinesische Welt" ("Chinese World"). In Enzyklopädie der Neuzeit (Encyclopaedia of Early Modern Times). Stuttgart: Metzler Verlag.

2009 "A Buried Past: The Tomb Inscription (muzhiming) and Official Biographies of Wang Chuzhi 王處直 (863–923)." Special issue of JESHO 52.1: 15–56.

2009 "Horses in late Imperial China and Maritime East Asia: An Introduction into Trade, Distribution, and other Aspects (c. sixteenth to eighteenth centuries)." In Pferde in Asien: Geschichte, Handel und Kultur / Horses in Asia: History, Trade and Culture, edited by Bert G. Fragner, Ralph Kauz, Roderich Ptak and Angela Schottenhammer, 231-254. Wien: Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften.

2008 "China - ein Weltreich im Umbruch" ("China - an Empire in Transformation"). In Globalgeschichte, 17. Jahrhundert (The World in the 17th Century), edited by Peter Feldbauer and Bernd Hausberger, 275-310. Essen: Magnusverlag.

2008 "Japan - the tiny Dwarf? Sino-Japanese Relations from the Kangxi to the Early Qianlong Reigns." In The East Asian Mediterranean - Maritime Crossroads of Culture, Commerce, and Human Migration, edited by Angela Schottenhammer, 331-388. Conference volume. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz.

2008 "Eine chinesische Weltordnung: Ostasien" ("A Chinese World Order: East Asia"). In Die Welt im 16. Jahrhundert (The World in the 16th Century), edited by Peter Feldbauer and Jean-Paul Lehners, 290-334. Essen: Magnusverlag.

2008 "Sklaverei im alten China und in Ostasien" ("Slavery in ancient China and East Asia"). Lemma im Handwörterbuch der antiken Sklaverei (Encyclopeadia of Ancient Slavery), edited by von Ingomar Weiler and Johannes Deißler, 3 pp. Mainz: Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur.

2008 "Japan - the tiny dwarf? Sino-Japanese relations from the kangxi to the early qianlong reigns." Asia Research Institute Working Paper Series No. 106. Singapore: National University of Singapore. (Accessible at http://www.ari.nus.edu.sg/article_view.asp?id=461.)

2007 "Gräber und Jenseitsvorstellungen im alten China" ("Tombs and Perceptions of Death in Ancient China"). In Sterben, Tod und Trauer in den Religionen und Kulturen der Welt. Gemeinsamkeiten und Besonderheiten in Theorie und Praxis, edited by Christoph Elsas, 65-85. Hamburg: E.B. Verlag.

2007 "Europäer in chinesischen Schriften des 16.-19. Jahrhunderts&rdquo" ("Europeans in Chinese Literature, Sixteenth through Nineteenth Centuries"). In Schriften zur Geschichtsdidaktik 22, Europa in historisch–didaktischen Perspektiven, edited by von Bernd Schönemann and Hartmut Voit, 45-60.

2007 "The East Asian Maritime World, 1400-1800. Its Fabrics of Power and Dynamics of Exchanges - China and her Neighbours." In The East Asian Maritime World, 1400-1800. Its Fabrics of Power and Dynamics of Exchanges , edited by Angela Schottenhammer, 1-86. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz.

2006 "王處直墓誌銘的再考察 – 關於五代節度使階级裡的 – 些道德及意識形態趨势." Zhonghua wenshi luncong 中華文史論叢 4.

2006 "墓誌銘研究における石刻の重要性." In Hiseki wa kataru 碑石は語る. (Tōkyō: Bensei shuppansha) アジア遊学 Intriguing Asia 91: 82-93.

2006 "Schiffahrt und Überseebeziehungen bis ins 3. Jahrhundert: Ein Überblick" ("Shipping and maritime relations until the 3rd century CE: An overview"). In Han–Zeit. Festschrift für Hans Stumpfeldt aus Anlaß seines 65. Geburtstages, edited by Michael Friedrich, 599-621. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz.

2006 Co-author (with Takatsu Takashi 高津孝), "Ryūkyū hyakumon to Tokashiki Tsūkan <琉球百問>と渡嘉敷通寛." Kagodai shigaku 鹿大史学, 19-31.

2006 "China und der Handel–ein historischer Rückblick. Gründe für die Seeverbotspolitik (haijin 海禁) der frühen Ming–Regierung (1368–1644) und deren Aufhebung im Jahre 1567." Dosŏ munhwa 島嶼文化 25: 129–160. (auf Deutsch und in koreanischer Übersetzung von Dr. Koh).

2006 "The Sea as Barrier and Contact Zone: Maritime Space and Sea Routes in Traditional China." In The Perception of Maritime Space in Traditional Chinese Sources, edited by Angela Schottenhammer and Roderich Ptak, 3-13. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz.

2005 "Die finanzpolitische Bezugnahme des songzeitlichen Staates (960-ca. 1100) auf den Reichtum seiner Gesellschaft, unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Reformperiode unter Wang Anshi." Oriens Extremus 44: 179-210.

2005 "The 'Liuqiu baiwen 琉球百問' (Hundred Questions from the Liu, 1859) by Cao Cunxin Renbo 曹存心仁伯 (1767–1834): an example of an intercultural encounter in the field of medicine." In Trade and Transfer across the East Asian 'Mediterranean', edited by Angela Schottenhammer, 235-274. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz. Dongya jingji yu shehui wenhua luncong 東亞經濟與社會文化論叢.

2005 "The 'Fujian yanhai hangwu dang'an 福建沿海航務檔案' (jiaqing 嘉慶 period): A Qing Dynasty Collection on Shipbuilding, Customs and Trade, and Sea Transportation in Fujian&quot." In Chinese Handicraft Regulations of the Qing Dynasty: Theory and Application, edited by Christine Moll-Murata, Song Jianze and Hans UlrichVogel, 513-518. München: Iudicium Verlag.

2005 "Fifty Years of Socialism in China – From the Self Assertion of a Communist Regime to the New Middle Kingdom." Internationales Asienforum May: 1–33.

2004 "Landwirtschaftliche Entwicklungen in Ostasien, 16.-19. Jahrhundert." ("Agricultural developments in East Asia, 16th to 19th centuries"). In Ostasien 1600-1900. Geschichte und Gesellschaft (East Asia 1600-1900. History and Society), edited by Sepp Linhart and Susanne Weigelin-Schwiedrzik, 139-157. Wien: Promedia, Edition Weltregionen.

2004 "Kriege und Barbaren im China des späten 8. bis frühen 10. Jahrhunderts" ("Wars and Barbarians in late 8th to early 10th century China"). In Krieg und Akkulturation, edited by Thomas Kolnberger and Ilja Steffelbauer, 64-84. Wien: Mandelbaum Verlag.

2003 "China und die Ryukyu–Inseln während der Ming– und Qing–Dynastie: Einige Beispiele zum Produkte– und Ideenaustausch im Bereich der Medizin." In Mirabilia Asiatica. Produtos raros no comércio marítimo. Produits rares dans le commerce maritime. Seltene Waren im Seehandel, edited by Roderich Ptak, Claude Guillot and Jorge M. dos Santos Alves, 85-119. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz.

2003 "Slaves and Forms of Slavery in Late Imperial China (17th to early 20th Century)." In The structure of slavery in Indian Ocean Africa and Asia, edited by Gwyn Campbell, 143-154. London: Routledge.

2003 "Einige Überlegungen zur Entstehung von Grabinschriften" ("Some reflections on the origins of tomb inscriptions"). In Auf den Spuren des Jenseits – Chinesische Grabkultur in den Facetten von Wirklichkeit, Geschichte und Totenkult, edited by Angela Schottenhammer, 21-60. Frankfurt, Wien, Bern: Peter Lang.

2003 "Das Grab des Wang Chuzhi 王處直 (863–923)" ("The tomb of Wang Chuzhi"). In Auf den Spuren des Jenseits – Chinesische Grabkultur in den Facetten von Wirklichkeit, Geschichte und Totenkult, edited by Angela Schottenhammer, 61–118. Frankfurt, Wien, Bern: Peter Lang.

2001 "China: Ein Emporium der wirtschaftlichen Prosperität" ("China: An Emporium of Economic Prosperity"). In Eine Welt, 1450–1620. Ein langes 16. Jahrhundert (Ringvorlesung zur Globalgeschichte an der Universität Wien), edited by Edelmayer/Feldbauer, 179–197. Wien: Promedia/Verein für Geschichte und Sozialkunde.

2001 "Hainans politische und ökonomische Anbindung an das Festland während der Song–Dynastie" ("Hainan's Political and Economic Connection to the Chinese Mainland during the Song Dynasty"). In Politik, Wirtschaft und Geschichte Hainans (Konferenzband), edited by Roderich Ptak and Claudine Salmon, 35–81. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz.

2000 "Fifty Years of Socialism in China - From the Self Assertion of a Communist Regime to the New Middle Kingdom." Internationales Asienforum May: 1-33.

2000 "The Role of Metals and the Impact of the Introduction of Huizi Paper Notes in Quanzhou on the Development of Maritime Trade during the Song Period." In The Emporium of the World, edited by Angela Schottenhammer, 95-176. Leiden: E.J. Brill.

2000 "China und Ostasien im Jahre 1000" ("China and East Asia around 1000") and "Dokumente zum Thema." Special issue of Periplus, 13–55 and 120–123, respectively. (The introduction of the article was not written by the author but by one of the editors of Periplus.)

2000 "Kommunikation, Transport und Verkehr" ("Communication, Transport and Exchange"). In Die Welt im Jahr 1000, edited by F.–J. Brüggemeier and W. Schenkluhn, 251-300. Freiburg, Basel: Herder Verlag.

1999 "Quanzhou's Maritime Trade and the Indian Ocean in Ancient Times." In Archaeology of Seafaring: the Indian Ocean in the Ancient Period, edited by Himanshu P. Ray, 245-264. New Delhi: Indian Council of Historical Research.

1999 Co–author in Menschen im Jahr 1000. Ein Lesebuch (People Living in the Year 1000. A Reader.), edited by Franz-Josef Brüggemeier and Gerhard Hoffmann. Freiburg: Herder Verlag.

1999 "Quanzhou's Early Overseas Trade: Local Politico-Economic Particulars During its Period of Independence." Journal of Song Yuan Studies 29: 1-41.

1998 "The Maritime Trade of Quanzhou from the 9th through the 13th Centuries." In Asien und Afrika. Der IndischeOzean in historischer Perspektive, edited by Stephan Conermann, 89-108. Hamburg: Verlag.

1998 "Politics and Morality in Song China: Sima Guang as a Typical Example." In New Developments in Asian Studies, edited by Paul van der Velde und Alex McKay, 77-91. London, New York: Keagan Paul.

1996 "The World Power China. The Hungry Giant." IIAS Newsletter 10: 36-37.

1996 "The Overseas Trade of Quanzhou in the Song Dynasty." IIAS Newsletter 9: 45.

1996 "Deng Xiaoping und der 'Sozialismus chinesischer Prägung" ("Deng Xiaoping and the Socialism with Chinese Characteristics"). Asien 3.61: 70-79.

1996 "On the Necessity of Corruption amongst the Members of the Chinese Communist Party." IIAS Yearbook 1995: 61-71.

1995 "Inschriften aus Handel und Gewerbe: Die ökonomischen Verhältnisse in Suzhou in der Späten Ming– und der Qing–Dynastie" ("Inscriptions on Trade and Commerce: The Economic Situation in Suzhou in the Late Ming and the Qing Dynasty"). Oriens Extremus 9/10: 109–149.

1994 "The Characteristics of Song Time Epitaphs." In Burial in Song China, edited by Dieter Kuhn, 253-306. Heidelberg: edition forum.

Forthcoming Review of Sino-Malay Trade and Diplomacy from the Tenth through the Fourteenth Century, by Derek Heng. Journal of Sung Yuan Studies, 3 pp.

2011 Review of La Méditerranée asiatique. Villes portuaires et réseaux marchands en Chine, au Japon et en Asie du Sud-Est, XVIe-XXIe siècle, by François Gipouloux. T'oung Pao 4-5.96: 581-585.

2010 Review of Kleine Geschichte Chinas, by Helwig Schmidt-Glintzer. Historische Zeitschrift (HZ) 290: 713-714.

2010 Review of Dragons Tigers, and Dogs. Qing Crisis Management and the Boundaries of State Power in Late Imperial China, by Robert J. Anthony and Jane Kate Leonard. Monumenta Serica, 551–553.

2010 Review of Visible Cities. Canton, Nagasaki, and Batavia and the Coming of the Americans, by Leonard Blussé. Social History 35.1.

2009 Review of The Vaccinators. Smallpox, Medical Knowledge and the 'Opening' of Japan, by Ann Jannetta. Journal of World History, 156-158.

2008 Review of Portrait of a Community: Society, Culture, And the Structures of Kinship in the Mulan River (Fujian) from the Late Tang through the Song, by Hugh R. Clark. Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, 3 pp.

2006 Review of Zheng He. Images and Perceptions. Bilder und Wahrnehmungen, edited by Claudine Salmon and Roderich Ptak. Archipel 71: 244-248.

2005 Review of Fiscalité, comptes publics et politiques financières dans la Chine des Song. Le chapitre 179 du Songshi., by Christian Lamoureux. Oriens Extremus, 275-279.

2005 Review of Krieg und Krieger im chinesischen Mittelalter, by Herbert Franke. Oriens Extremus, 279-281.

2005 Review of China, the Portuguese, and the Nanyang. Oceans and Routes, Regions and Trade (c. 1000-1600), by Roderich Ptak. Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, 2 pp.

2004 Review of Einführung in die politischen Systeme Ostasiens, edited by Claudia Derichs and Thomas Heberer. Asien 2: 132-133.

2003 Review of Tonale Musik. Anatomie der musikalischen Ästhetik, by Franz Sauter. Online-Rezension amazon.de.

2002 Review of Der Gelbe Fluß in Shandong (1851-1911). Überschwemmungskatastrophen und ihre Bewältigung im China der späten Qing-Zeit, by Iwo Amelung. Orientalische Literaturzeitung, 117-121.

2002 Review of Prosperity, Region, and Institutions. The South Fukien Pattern 946-1368, by So Kee Long. Business History Review, 220-223.

2002 Review of Hong Kong's History. State and Society under Colonial Rule, edited by Tak-Wing Ngo. IIAS Newsletter 27: 35.

2001 Review of China's Economic Security, edited by Robert Ash and Werner Draguhn. Internationales Asienforum, 175-177.

2000 Review of Hsing-Ch'a Sheng-Lan. The Overall Survey of the Star Raft, by Fei Hsin. (Translated by J. V. G. Mills. Revised, annotated and edited by Roderich Ptak.) Orientalistische Literaturzeitung 95.2: 218-221.

1999 Review of From the Mediterranean to the South China Sea: Miscellaneous Notes, edited by Claude Guillot, Denys Lombard and Roderich Ptak. Periplus, 173-177.

1995 Review of Bei Song wenhuashi shulun, by Chen Zhi'e. Zeitschrift der Deutchen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft 2: 365-372.

1997 "Korruption und Reformprogramm sind nicht voneinander zu trennen. Die Liberalisierung der chinesischen Wirtschaftsformund ihre Folgen" ("Corruption and Reform Programme are Inseparable. The Liberalization of the Chinese Economy and its Consequences"). Frankfurter Rundschau, 18 January 1997, p. 6.

1995 "Die Rückkehr in den Frühling des Lebens." Deutsche Tagespost, 30 December 1995.

1995 "Deng Xiaopings Weg zur marktwirtschaftlichen Revolution. Das Programm für den Sozialismus chinesischer Prägung. Ein historischer Überblick." Frankfurter Rundschau, 17 November 1995.

1995 "In Jade geformte Weisheit und chönheit: Die Grabkultur alten China spiegelt das gesellschaftliche Leben wider" ("Wisdom and Beauty Formed in Jade: The Tomb Culture in Ancient China Reflects Details of Social Life"). Tagespost, 12 August 1995.